[1] Banach, Stefan, Wstęp do teorii funkcji rzeczywistych. (Polish) [Introduction to the theory of real functions] Monografie Matematyczne. Tom XVII.] Polskie Towarzystwo Matematyczne, Warszawa-Wrocław, 1951. iv+224 pp., MR0043161.
[2] Czipszer, J., Gehér, L., Extension of functions satisfying a Lipschitz condition. Acta Math. Acad. Sci. Hungar. 6 (1955), 213-220, MR0071493, https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02021278
[3] Kolumban, I., On the uniqueness of the extension of linear functionals. (Russian) Mathematica (Cluj) 4 (27) 1962 267-270, MR0164223.
[4] Mustăţa, Costică, On certain Čebyšev subspaces of the normed space of Lipschitzian functions. (Romanian) Rev. Anal. Numer. Teoria Aproximaţiei 2 (1973), 81-87, MR0387920.
[5] Mustăţa, Costică, A monotonicity property of the operator of best approximation in the space of Lipschitzian functions. (Romanian) Rev. Anal. Numer. Teoria Aproximaţiei 3 (1974), no. 2, 153-160 (1975), MR0387921.
[6] Nachbin, Leopoldo, A theorem of the Hahn-Banach type for linear transformations. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 68, (1950). 28-46, MR0032932, https://doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9947-1950-0032932-3
[7] Pantelidis, Georgios, Approximationstheorie für metrische lineare Räume. (German) Math. Ann. 184 1969 30-48, MR0262754, https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01350613
[8] Phelps, R. R., Uniqueness of Hahn-Banach extensions and unique best approximation. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 95 1960 238-255, MR0113125, https://doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9947-1960-0113125-4
[9] Singer, Ivan, Cea mai bună aproximare în spaţii vectoriale normate prin elemente din subspaţii vectoriale. (Romanian) [Best approximation in normed vector spaces by elements of vector subspaces] Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, Bucharest 1967 386 pp., MR0235368.
Paper (preprint) in HTML form
1977-Mustata-A characterization of Chebyshevian subspaces of -Mathematica
A CHARACTERISATION OF CHEBYSHEVIAN SUBSPACE OF Y^(_|_)\mathrm{Y}^{\perp} - TYPE
by
COSTICA MUSTATA
(Cluj-Napoca)
Let be given a real linear space ZZ. For any nonvoid set EE we denote by Z^(E)Z^{E} the linear space of all functions from EE to ZZ with the operations of addition and multiplication by real scalars defined pointwisely.
Consider now two nonvoid sets X,YX, Y such that Y sube XY \subseteq X and two normed linear subspace M_(X)M_{X} and M_(Y)M_{Y} of Z^(X)Z^{X}, respectively of Z^(Y)Z^{Y}, such that f|_(Y)inM_(Y)\left.f\right|_{Y} \in M_{Y} for all f inM_(X)f \in M_{X}, where f|_(Y)\left.f\right|_{Y} denotes the restriction of ff to YY. Denote by ||||_(X):}\left\|\|_{X}\right. and ||||_(Y)\| \|_{Y} the norms on M_(X)M_{X}, respectively M_(Y)M_{Y}.
Definition 1. We say that the norm ||||_(Y):}\left\|\|_{Y}\right. is compatible with the norm ||||_(X):}\left\|\|_{X}\right. if
In the sequel, the norms ||||_(X):}\left\|\|_{X}\right. and ||||_(Y)\| \|_{Y} will considered always com-
Let K_(X)subeM_(X)K_{X} \subseteq M_{X} and K_(Y)subeM_(Y)K_{Y} \subseteq M_{Y} be two convex cones with the vertex in the origin of M_(X)M_{X}, respectively M_(Y)M_{Y} such that f|_(X)inK_(Y)\left.f\right|_{X} \in K_{Y}, for all f inK_(X)f \in K_{X}.
Definition 2. We say that K_(Y)K_{Y} is a PP-cone if for all f inK_(Y)f \in K_{Y} there exists F inK_(X)F \in K_{X} such that
f=F|_(Y)f=\left.F\right|_{Y},
||f||_(Y)=||F||_(X)\|f\|_{Y}=\|F\|_{X}.
If further, the function FF with the properties 1) and 2) is unique, K_(Y)K_{Y} is called PUP U-cone. The function FF is called an extension of ff.
2. Let
(2)
X_(K)=K_(X)-K_(X)X_{K}=K_{X}-K_{X}
be the linear subspace of M_(X)M_{X}, generated by the cone K_(X)K_{X} and
{:(3)Y_(X_(K))^(_|_)={g:g inX_(K),g|_(Y)=theta_(Y)}:}\begin{equation*}
Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp}=\left\{g: g \in X_{K},\left.g\right|_{Y}=\theta_{Y}\right\} \tag{3}
\end{equation*}
where theta_(Y)\theta_{Y} denotes the zero function in M_(Y)M_{Y}, i.e. theta_(Y)(y)=0\theta_{Y}(y)=0, for all y in Xy \in X.
Definition 3. We say that the subspace Y_(X_(K))^(_|_)Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp} is K_(K)K_{K} - proximinal if for all f inK_(X)f \in K_{X} there exists an element g_(0)inY_(X_(K))^(_|_)g_{0} \in Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp} such that
{:(4)||f-g_(0)||_(X)=d(f,Y_(X_(K))^(_|_))=i n f{||f-g||_(X):g inY_(X_(K))^(_|_)}.:}\begin{equation*}
\left\|f-g_{0}\right\|_{X}=d\left(f, Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp}\right)=\inf \left\{\|f-g\|_{X}: g \in Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp}\right\} . \tag{4}
\end{equation*}
If further, for all f inK_(X)f \in K_{X} there exists a unique g_(0)inY_(X_(K))^(_|_)g_{0} \in Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp} such that the equality (4) holds, then Y_(X_(K))^(_|_)Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp} is called K_(X)K_{X}-Chebyshveian. An element g_(0)inY_(X_(K))^(_|_)g_{0} \in Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp} such that ||f-g_(0)||_(X)=d(f,Y_(X_(K))^(_|_))\left\|f-g_{0}\right\|_{X}=d\left(f, Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp}\right) is called an element of best approximation of ff by elements of Y_(X_(K))^(_|_)Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp}.
3. The following two theorems show that the best approximation properties of the subspace Y_(X_(K))^(_|_)Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp} in M_(X)M_{X} are connected with the extension properties of K_(Y)K_{Y}.
THEOREM 1. If K_(Y)K_{Y} is a PP-cone then:
(a) for all f inK_(X)f \in K_{X}, the following equality holds
(b) for every f inK_(X)f \in K_{X}, the elements of best approximation of ff by elements of Y_(X_(K))^(_|_)Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp} are exactly the elements of the form f-Ff-F, where FF is an extension of ( hat(f))|_(Y)\left.\hat{f}\right|_{Y}.
Proof. (a) For g inY_(X_(K))^(_|_)g \in Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp} we have:
such that ||f|_(Y)||_(Y) <= d(f,Y_(X_(K))^(_|_))\left\|\left.f\right|_{Y}\right\|_{Y} \leqslant d\left(f, Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp}\right).
On the other hand,
||f|_(Y)||_(Y)=||f-(f-F)||_(X) >= i n f{||f-g||_(X):g inY_(X_(K))^(_|_)}=d(f,Y_(X_(K))^(_|_)),\left\|\left.f\right|_{Y}\right\|_{Y}=\|f-(f-F)\|_{X} \geqslant \inf \left\{\|f-g\|_{X}: g \in Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp}\right\}=d\left(f, Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp}\right),
where FF is an extension of f|_(Y)\left.f\right|_{Y} to XX. Therefore, the equality (5) holds.
(b) If f inK_(X)f \in K_{X} and g inY_(X_(K))^(_|_)g \in Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp} is an element of best approximation of ff, then by (5), ||f-g||_(X)=d(f,Y_(X_(K))^(_|_))=||f|_(Y)||_(Y)\|f-g\|_{X}=d\left(f, Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp}\right)=\left\|\left.f\right|_{Y}\right\|_{Y} and (f-g)|_(Y)=f|_(Y)\left.(f-g)\right|_{Y}=\left.f\right|_{Y}. It follows
that f-gf-g is an extension of f|_(Y)\left.f\right|_{Y} to XX. The fact that f-Ff-F is a best approximation of ff by elements of Y_(X_(K))^(_|_)Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp}, for every extension FF of f|_(Y)\left.f\right|_{Y} to XX, follows by the equalities:
THEOREM 2. (a) If K_(Y)K_{Y} is a PP-cone, then Y_( bar(X)_(K))^(_|_)Y_{\bar{X}_{K}}^{\perp} is K_(X)K_{X}-proximinal;
(b) If K_(Y)K_{Y} is a PP-cone, then Y_(X_(K))^(_|_)Y_{X_{K}}^{\perp} is K_(X)K_{X}-Chebyshevian if and only if K_(Y)K_{Y} is a PUP U-cone.
Proof. The theorem follows from theorem 1 (b). :.quad\therefore \quad If K_(Y)=M_(Y)K_{Y}=M_{Y} and K_(Y)K_{Y} is PP - cone, respectively PUP U - cone, then M_(Y)M_{Y} is called PP - space, respectively PU-P U- space.
Let us denote by Y^(_|_)Y^{\perp}, the following subspace of M_(X)M_{X} :
(6)
Y^(_|_)={f:f inM_(X),f|_(Y)=theta_(Y)}Y^{\perp}=\left\{f: f \in M_{X},\left.f\right|_{Y}=\theta_{Y}\right\}
Then, the theorems 1 and 2 become:
THEOREM 3. If MM is PP - space, then:
(a) for all f inM_(X)f \in M_{X}, the following equality holds:
(7)
||f|_(Y)||_(Y)=d(f,Y _|_)\left\|\left.f\right|_{Y}\right\|_{Y}=d(f, Y \perp)
(b) for every f inM_(X)f \in M_{X}, the elements of best approximation of ff by elements of Y^(_|_)Y^{\perp} are exactly the elements of the form f-Ff-F, where FF is an extension of f|_(Y)\left.f\right|_{Y} to XX.
THEOREM 4. (a) If M_(Y)M_{Y} is a PP - space, then Y^(_|_)Y^{\perp} is proximinal;
(b) If M_(Y)M_{Y} is a PP - space, then Y^(_|_)Y^{\perp} is Chebyshevian if and only if M_(Y)M_{Y} is a PU^(2)P U^{2} - space.
For the definition of proximinal and Chebyshevian sets see [9].
4. We shall give some particular cases of the above theorems.
I. If XX is a normed linear space, YY a linear subspace of X,X^(**)X, X^{*} the conjugate space of X,Y^(**)X, Y^{*} the conjugate space of YY, then by the HahnBanach theorem, Y^(**)Y^{*} is a PP-space. In this case, theorem 3(a)3(a) and theorem 4 (b) were proved by R. R. PHELPS [8].
II. For a metric space ( X,dX, d ), a subset YY of XX and a fixed element x_(0)x_{0} of YY, let
{:(8)Iip_(0)X={f:f:X rarrR,s u p_({:[x!=y],[x","y in X]:})(|f(x)-f(y)|)/(d(x,y)) < oo,f(x_(0))=0}:}\begin{equation*}
\operatorname{Iip}_{0} X=\left\{f: f: X \rightarrow \mathbb{R}, \sup _{\substack{x \neq y \\ x, y \in X}} \frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{d(x, y)}<\infty, f\left(x_{0}\right)=0\right\} \tag{8}
\end{equation*}
{:(9)Lip_(0)Y={h:h:Y rarrR,s u p_({:[x!=y],[x","y in Y]:})(|h(x)-h(y)|)/(d(x,y)) < oo,h(x_(0))=0}:}\begin{equation*}
\operatorname{Lip}_{0} Y=\left\{h: h: Y \rightarrow \mathbf{R}, \sup _{\substack{x \neq y \\ x, y \in Y}} \frac{|h(x)-h(y)|}{d(x, y)}<\infty, h\left(x_{0}\right)=0\right\} \tag{9}
\end{equation*}
be the linear space of Lipschitz functions on XX, respectively YY, which vanish on x_(0)x_{0}, with the norms
(10)
(11)
{:[||f||_(X)=s u p{|f(x)-f(y)|//d(x","y):x!=y","x","y in X}],[||h||_(Y)=s u p{|h(x)-h(y)|//d(x","y):x!=y","x","y in Y}]:}\begin{aligned}
& \|f\|_{X}=\sup \{|f(x)-f(y)| / d(x, y): x \neq y, x, y \in X\} \\
& \|h\|_{Y}=\sup \{|h(x)-h(y)| / d(x, y): x \neq y, x, y \in Y\}
\end{aligned}
By a theorem of S. BANACH [1], rediscovered by J. CZIPSER and L. GÉHER [2], the space Lip_(0)Y\operatorname{Lip}_{0} Y is a PP-space with respect to Lip_(0)X\operatorname{Lip}_{0} X. In this case, theorems 3 and 4 were proved in [5].
III. A topological space is called extremally disconnected if the closure of every open set is open. If Omega\Omega is a compact Hausdorff space, denote by C(Omega)C(\Omega) the Banach space of all continuous real functions defined on Omega\Omega with the sup-norm.
Let Omega\Omega be an extremally disconnected compact Hausdorff space, XX a Banach space, YY a subspace of XX. By a theorem of L_(.)\mathrm{L}_{.}nachbin [6] L(Y,C(Omega))L(Y, C(\Omega)) is a PP-space in L(X,C(Omega))L(X, C(\Omega)), so that theorems 3 and 4 can be applied. Here L(E,F)L(E, F) denotes the space of all continuous linear operators between the Banach spaces EE and FF.
IV. Let ( X,dX, d ) be a metric linear space, dd being a invariant metric for translation, i.e. d(x,y)=d(x-y, hat(theta))d(x, y)=d(x-y, \hat{\theta}). Let
{:[(12)S_(X)^(@)={f:f:X rarrR","s u p{|f(x)|//d(x","theta):x!=theta","x in X} < oo],[f(theta)=0","f(x+y) <= f(x)+f(y)","x","y in X}]:}\begin{gather*}
S_{X}^{\circ}=\{f: f: X \rightarrow \mathbf{R}, \sup \{|f(x)| / d(x, \theta): x \neq \theta, x \in X\}<\infty \tag{12}\\
f(\theta)=0, f(x+y) \leqslant f(x)+f(y), x, y \in X\}
\end{gather*}
be the cone defined by g. PANTELIDIS [7].
For a subspace YY of XX, the cone S_(Y)^(@)S_{Y}^{\circ} is defined in a similar way.
It was proved in [5], that S_(X^(˙))^(@)S_{\dot{X}}^{\circ} is a convex cone in Lip_(0)X,S_(Y^(˙))^(@)\operatorname{Lip}_{0} X, S_{\dot{Y}}^{\circ} is a convex cone in Lip_(0)Y\operatorname{Lip}_{0} Y and S_(Y)^(@)S_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\circ} is a PP-cone.
be the linear space generated by the cone S_(X)^(@)S_{X}^{\circ}. In this case, theorem 1 and theorem 2 were proved in [5].
V . If XX is a normed linear space, YY a nonvoid convex subset of XX such that theta in Y\theta \in Y, put
{:[(14)C_(X)={f:f inLip_(o)X,f" is convex "}],[(15)C_(Y)={h:h inLip_(o)Y.h" is convex "}.]:}\begin{align*}
& C_{X}=\left\{f: f \in \operatorname{Lip}_{o} X, f \text { is convex }\right\} \tag{14}\\
& C_{Y}=\left\{h: h \in \operatorname{Lip}_{o} Y . h \text { is convex }\right\} . \tag{15}
\end{align*}
Then C_(Y)C_{Y} is a PP-cone and theorem 1 and theorem 2 can be applied.
5. In this section we intend to study the relation between the extremal elements of the unit ball of M_(Y)M_{Y} and the faces of the unit ball of M_(X)M_{X} (the notation are as in section 1.).
If ( E,||||E,\| \| ) is a normed space, denote by B_(E)B_{E} and S_(E)S_{E} the unit ball, respectively the unit sphere of EE, i.e.
{:[(16)B_(E)={x in E:||x|| <= 1}],[S_(E)={x in E:||x||=1}]:}\begin{align*}
& B_{E}=\{x \in E:\|x\| \leqslant 1\} \tag{16}\\
& S_{E}=\{x \in E:\|x\|=1\}
\end{align*}
An extremal element of a convex set CC in a linear space EE is an element x in Cx \in C such that lambdax_(1)+(1-lambda)x_(2)=x\lambda x_{1}+(1-\lambda) x_{2}=x for x_(1),x_(2)in Cx_{1}, x_{2} \in C and lambda in(0,1)\lambda \in(0,1) implies x_(1)=x=x_(2)x_{1}=x=x_{2}.
A face of the unit ball B_(E)B_{E} is a convex subset FF of S_(E)S_{E} such that lambdax_(1)+(1-lambda)x_(2)in F\lambda x_{1}+(1-\lambda) x_{2} \in F for x_(1),x_(2)inB_(E)x_{1}, x_{2} \in B_{E} and lambda in(0,1)\lambda \in(0,1) implies that x_(1),x_(2)in Fx_{1}, x_{2} \in F. Obviously, a face which contain exactly one element is an extremal element of B_(E)B_{E}.
For h inM_(Y)h \in M_{Y}, denote by
{:(17)P_(Y)(h)={f:f inM_(X),f|_(Y)=h,||f||_(X)=||h||_(Y)}",":}\begin{equation*}
P_{Y}(h)=\left\{f: f \in M_{X},\left.f\right|_{Y}=h,\|f\|_{X}=\|h\|_{Y}\right\}, \tag{17}
\end{equation*}
the set of all extension of hh.
Then P_(Y)(h)P_{Y}(h) is a nonvoid, convex, bounded and closed subset of M_(X)M_{X}.
THEOREM 5. An element h inB_(M_(Y))h \in B_{M_{Y}} is an extremal element of B_(M_(Y))B_{M_{Y}} if and only if P_(Y)(h)P_{Y}(h) is a face of B_(M_(X))B_{M_{X}}.
Proof. Suppose hh is an extremal element of B_(M_(Y))B_{M_{Y}}. Let lambda in(0,1)\lambda \in(0,1) and f_(1),f_(2)inB_(M_(X))f_{1}, f_{2} \in B_{M_{X}} be such that lambdaf_(1)+(1-lambda)f_(2)inP_(Y)(h)\lambda f_{1}+(1-\lambda) f_{2} \in P_{Y}(h). Then lambdaf_(1)|_(Y)+(1-lambda)f_(2)|_(Y)=h\left.\lambda f_{1}\right|_{Y}+\left.(1-\lambda) f_{2}\right|_{Y} =h, and since hh is an extremal element of B_(M_(Y))B_{M_{Y}}, it follows that f_(1)|_(Y)=f_(2)|_(Y)==h\left.f_{1}\right|_{Y}=\left.f_{2}\right|_{Y}= =h, so that ||f_(1)|_(Y)||_(Y)=||f_(2)|_(Y)||_(Y)=||h||_(Y)=1\left\|\left.f_{1}\right|_{Y}\right\|_{Y}=\left\|\left.f_{2}\right|_{Y}\right\|_{Y}=\|h\|_{Y}=1. Since the norms ||||_(X):}\left\|\|_{X}\right. and ||||_(Y)\| \|_{Y} are supposed compatible (see definition 1.) it follows that ||f_(1)||_(X)=||f_(2)||_(X)=1\left\|f_{1}\right\|_{X}=\left\|f_{2}\right\|_{X}=1. We proved that f_(1),f_(2)inP_(Y)(h)f_{1}, f_{2} \in P_{Y}(h) which shows that P_(Y)(h)P_{Y}(h) is a face of B_(M_(X))B_{M_{X}}.
Conversely, suppose hh is not an extremal element of B_(M_(Y))B_{M_{Y}}. Then there exist two elements h_(1),h_(2)inB_(M_(Y)),h_(1)!=h,h_(2)!=hh_{1}, h_{2} \in B_{M_{Y}}, h_{1} \neq h, h_{2} \neq h and lambda in(0,1)\lambda \in(0,1) such that lambdah_(1)+(1-lambda)h_(2)=h\lambda h_{1}+(1-\lambda) h_{2}=h. Let f_(1)^(')inP_(Y)(h_(1))f_{1}^{\prime} \in P_{Y}\left(h_{1}\right) and f_(2)^(')inP_(Y)(h_(2))f_{2}^{\prime} \in P_{Y}\left(h_{2}\right). Then lambdaf_(1)^(')|_(Y)++(1-lambda)f_(2)^(')|_(Y)=h\left.\lambda f_{1}^{\prime}\right|_{Y}+ +\left.(1-\lambda) f_{2}^{\prime}\right|_{Y}=h and 1=|| lambdaf_(1)^(')|_(Y)+(1-lambda)f_(2)^(')|_(Y)||_(Y) <= ||lambdaf_(1)^(')+(1-lambda)f_(2)^(')||_(X) <= 11=\left\|\left.\lambda f_{1}^{\prime}\right|_{Y}+\left.(1-\lambda) f_{2}^{\prime}\right|_{Y}\right\|_{Y} \leqslant\left\|\lambda f_{1}^{\prime}+(1-\lambda) f_{2}^{\prime}\right\|_{X} \leqslant 1, so that lambdaf_(1)^(')+(1-lambda)f_(2)^(')inP_(Y)(h)\lambda f_{1}^{\prime}+(1-\lambda) f_{2}^{\prime} \in P_{Y}(h). But f_(1)^(')f_{1}^{\prime} and f_(2)^(')f_{2}^{\prime} do not belong to P_(Y)(h)P_{Y}(h) since f_(1)^(')|_(Y)!=h\left.f_{1}^{\prime}\right|_{Y} \neq h and f_(2)^(')|_(Y)!=h\left.f_{2}^{\prime}\right|_{Y} \neq h, so that P_(Y)(h)P_{Y}(h) is not a face of B_(M_(X))B_{M_{X}}.
Suppose now, Lip_(0)X\operatorname{Lip}_{0} X and Lip_(0)Y\operatorname{Lip}_{0} Y be as in the case II. from section 4. If h inLip_(0)Yh \in \operatorname{Lip}_{0} Y, then the functions
{:[(18)f_(1)(x)=i n f{h(y)+||h||_(Y)d(x,y):y in Y}","x in X],[f_(2)(x)=s u p{h(y)-||h||_(Y)d(x,y):y in Y}","x in X]:}\begin{align*}
& f_{1}(x)=\inf \left\{h(y)+\|h\|_{Y} d(x, y): y \in Y\right\}, x \in X \tag{18}\\
& f_{2}(x)=\sup \left\{h(y)-\|h\|_{Y} d(x, y): y \in Y\right\}, x \in X
\end{align*}
are extensions of hh (see [4]) and further, they are extremal elements of the set P_(Y)(h)P_{Y}(h).
Indeed, one can prove that
{:(19)f_(2)(x) <= f(x) <= f_(1)(x)","quad x in X:}\begin{equation*}
f_{2}(x) \leqslant f(x) \leqslant f_{1}(x), \quad x \in X \tag{19}
\end{equation*}
for all f in P(h)_(Y)f \in P(h)_{Y} (see [5]). If varphi,psi inP_(Y)(h)\varphi, \psi \in P_{Y}(h) and lambda in(0,1)\lambda \in(0,1) are such that lambda varphi+(1-lambda)psi=f_(1)\lambda \varphi+(1-\lambda) \psi=f_{1}, then
and by (19) it follows varphi=psi=f_(1)\varphi=\psi=f_{1}, so that f_(1)f_{1} is an extremal element of P_(Y)(h)P_{Y}(h). In a similar way one can show that f_(2)f_{2} is an extremal element of P_(Y)(h)P_{Y}(h).
Since, by theorem 5,h5, h is an extremal element of B_("Lip "_(0)Y)B_{\text {Lip }{ }_{0} Y} if and only if P_(Y)(h)P_{Y}(h) is a face of B_("Lip ",X)B_{\text {Lip }, X}, and an extremal element of a face of the unit ball of a normed linear space is an extremal element of the ball; it follows:
If hh is an extremal element of the unit ball of Lip_(0)Y\operatorname{Lip}_{0} Y, then the functions f_(1),f_(2)f_{1}, f_{2} defined by the formulae (18) are extremal elements of the unit ball of Lip_(0)X\operatorname{Lip}_{0} X.
REFERENCES
[1] Banach, S., Wstep to teovii funkji rzeczywistych, Warszawa-Wroclaw, 1951.
[2] Czipser, J., Géher. L., Extension of function satisfying a Lipschitz condition, Acta Math. Acad. Sci. Hungar., 6, 213-220, (1955).
[3] Kolumbán, I., Ob edinstvenosti prodolzenia lineinyh funktionalov, Mathematica (Cluj), 4 (27), 267-270, (1962).
[4] Mustăfa, C., Asupra unor subspafii cebîseviene din spajiul normat al functiilor lipschitziene, Rev. Anal. Num. Teor. Aprox., 2, 1, 81-87, (1973).
[5] - , O proprietate de monotonie a operatorului de cea mai bună aproximare in spativl functiilor lipschitziene, Rev. Anal. Num. Teor. Aprox., 3, 2, 153-160, (1974).
[6] Nach bin, L., A theorem of the Hahn-Banach type for linear transformation, Trans. Anter. Math. Soc., 68, 28-46, (1950).
[7] Pantelidis, G., Approximationstheorie für metrische lineave Räume, Math. Ann., 184, 30-48, (1969).
[8] Phelps, R. R., Uniqueness of Hahn-Banach extension and unique best approximation, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 25, 238-255, (1960).
[9] Singer, I., Cea mai bunä aproximare in spafii vectoriale normate prin elemente din subspafii vectoriale, E.d. Acad. R.S.R., Bucureşti, 1967.
Received 16. II. 1977.
Universitatea ,,Babes-Bolyai"
Cluj-Napoca
Institutul de matematică